The Relationship between Teachers’ Perception of Organizational Cronyism and Organizational Dissent
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52963/PERR_Biruni_V11.N3.14Keywords:
Organizational Cronyism, Organizational Dissent, Teachers , School AdministrationAbstract
This quantitative study investigates the relationship between teachers’ perception of organizational cronyism and their perception of organizational dissent. The population of the study includes 1206 teachers from all pre-school institutions, primary schools, secondary schools, high schools in the district of Kuşadası, the province of Aydın, Türkiye. The sample of the study has been selected by random sampling method and includes 378 teachers. The data has been collected by means of Perceived Organizational Cronyism Scale and Organizational Dissent Scale. The data has been analyzed through parametric statistical programs. The findings of the study reveal that the level of teachers’ perception of organizational cronyism is low, whereas their perception of organizational dissent is at medium level. There is a statistically significant difference between teachers’ perception of organizational cronyism and organizational dissent and the variables of subject of teaching, age, professional seniority, educational level, length of service with the same administrator, and union membership. Correlation analysis reveals that there is a negative weak correlation between teachers’ perception of organizational cronyism and their perception of organizational dissent.
Downloads
References
Acar, A. G. (2000). A research on the institutionalization of ethical values. (Master Thesis). Istanbul University. Istanbul.
Ağalday, B. (2013). Opinions of teachers working in primary schools on organizational opposition. (Master's thesis). Dicle University, Diyarbakir.
Akada, T. (2015). Teachers' views on organizational opposition. (Master's Thesis). Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Educational Sciences, Izmir.
Aktan, C. C. (2001). Political morality and political corruption. Coşkun Can Aktan(Ed.), Anti-Corruption Strategies. Ankara: Hak-Is Publications.
Akyol, Z. (2018). The relationship between nepotism behaviors of secondary school administrators and organizational commitment behaviors of teachers. (the case of Diyarbakir province). (Unpublished Master Thesis). Dicle University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Diyarbakir.
Araslı, H., & Tümer, M. (2008). Nepotism, favoritism and cronyism: A study of their effects on job stress and job satisfaction in the banking industry of north Cyprus. Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal, 1237-1250. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2008.36.9.1237.
Asunakutlu, T. (2010). Fundamentals of favoritism: Similarity and dissimilarity. In Ramazan Erdem (Ed.), Nepotism in Terms of Management and Organization. Istanbul: Beta Press.
Asunakutlu, T., & Avcı, U. (2010). A Research on the Relationship between Nepotism Perception and Job Satisfaction in Family Businesses. Journal of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences of Süleyman Demirel University, 15(2), 93-109. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/sduiibfd/issue/20827/223022.
Ataç, O. L., (2015). The relationship between organizational democracy and organizational opposition: A research on white collar workers. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Celal Bayar University, Manisa.
Aydın, I. P. (2001). Managerial, professional and organizational ethics. (2nd ed.). Istanbul: Pegem Publishing.
Aydın, M. (2010). Educational administration (9th Edition). Ankara: Hatiboğlu Printing and Publishing Industry.
Aydın, Y. (2015). The relationship between organizational silence and nepotism in school management and teachers' self-efficacy perceptions. (Master's Thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
Aydoğan, I. (2009). Favorites in the Turkish Educational System: Nepotism, Cronyism and Patronage. Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 4(1). Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/epasr/issue/17479/182978.
Balcı, A. (2015). Research in social sciences. Methods, techniques and principles. (15th ed.). Pegem Academy.
Başaran, I. E. (2008). Turkish education system and school management. Ankara: Equinox.
Best, J. W., & Kahn, J.V. (2017). Research methods in education. (Trans Ed. O. Köksal). Education Publisher: Konya.
Büte, M. (2011). The effects of favoritism on employee behavior and human resource management practices: A research on Turkish public banks. Journal of Public Administration, 35-153.
Büyüköztürk, S. (2008). Manual of data analysis for social sciences. (9th Edition). Ankara: Pegem A Publications.
Cihangiroglu, N. (2009). Organizational justice as determinants of organizational commitment and participation in decisions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkiye.
Coşkuner, M. (2018). The effects of leadership types on organizational opposition: an application in the textile industry. (Doctoral Dissertation). Düzce University, Düzce.
Çam, S. (2021). The relationship between teachers' organizational opposition, mobbing living levels and organizational commitment and investigation according to some variables (Master's thesis). Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye.
Çeribaş, S., Erdem, B., & Karataş, A. (2013). Chronism perceptions of employees working in hotel businesses: a study in one, two and three star hotel businesses operating in Istanbul. Çukurova University, Journal of FEAS, 17(1), 51-59. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/cuiibfd/issue/4143/54405.
Dağlı, A., & Ağalday, B. (2015). Teachers' views on the consequences of organizational opposition, Journal of Academic Social Research, 2(2/1), 170-182. https://doi.org/10.17051/io.2015.86261.
Dağlı, A. (2015). Adaptation of organizational opposition scale into Turkish: Validity and reliability study. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 198-218. DOI: 10.17755/esosder.45359.
Dey, O., Das, A., Gupta, G., & Banerjee, S. (2017). Favorite or fairness? A framed laboratory experiment.
Doğanay, A. (2018). The moderator role of organizational virtue in the effect of leadership communication styles on organizational opposition: A study on hotel businesses. (Doctoral Dissertation). Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul.
Erdem, R. (2010). Nepotism in terms of management and organization. Istanbul: Beta Press.
Erdem, M., & Meriç, E. (2013). A scale development study on favoritism in school management. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kuey/issue/10319/126559.
Ergün, H. (2017). Initiating and mediating variables affecting organizational opposition. (Doctoral Thesis). Pamukkale University, Denizli.
Eryeşil, K. (2018). The role of employee voice in the effect of perceived organizational justice on organizational opposition: A research in the banking sector. (Doctoral Dissertation). Selcuk University, Konya.
Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. London: SAGE.
Garner, J. T. (2006). When things go wrong at work: Expressions of organizational dissent as interpersonal influence. The Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University, 3-8. Retrieved from https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.84.9265&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Geçer, A. (2015). Nepotism and organizational support perception of teachers working in high schools: The case of Muğla province. (Master's Thesis), Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkiye.
George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). Spss for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. Allyn and Bacon.
Gürcan, B. (2020). The relationship between the personality traits of teachers working in primary education institutions and their oppositional behaviors towards their organizations. (Master's Thesis). Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye.
Gürer, A. (2017). The moderator role of personality in the effect of perceived organizational cronyism on employee silence. (Doctoral Dissertation). Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul.
Hoy, K. W. & Miskel, G. C. (2010). Educational administration: Theory, research and practice (Trans. Ed. S. Turan). Ankara.
Hudson, S., & Claasen, C. (2017). Nepotism and cronyism as a cultural phenomenon? Ablander, M. S. & Hudson, S. (Eds.). The Handbook of Business and Corruption (pp. 95-118). Emerald Publishing.
Izgüden, D. (2017). The effect of communication satisfaction on organizational opposition behaviors in hospital workers. (Doctoral Dissertation). Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta.
Kassing, J. W. (1997) Development and validation of the organizational dissent scale. (Unpublished Doctor Thesis). Kent State University, Ohio (U.S.A).
Kassing, J. W., & Armstrong, T. A. (2002). Someone's going to hear about this: Examining the association between dissent-triggering events and employee's dissent expressions. Management Communication Quarterly, (16). 39-65. https://doi.org/10.1177/0893318902161002.
Kassing, J. W., & Kava, W. (2013). Assessing disagreement expressed to management: Development of the upward dissent scale. Communication Research Reports, 30, 46-56. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2012.746225
Kavak, H. (2020). The mediating role of trust in the organization in the effect of perceived organizational cronyism on organizational opposition: A study in secondary education institutions affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Adıyaman. (Doctoral Dissertation). İnönü University, Malatya.
Kayış, E. (2019). The relationship between teachers' organizational oppositional behaviors and their mobbing experiences and their analysis according to some variables. (Master's Thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
Khatri, N. & Tsang, E.W.K. (2003). Antecedents and consequences of cronyism in organizations. Journal of Business Ethics, 43, 289-303. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023081629529.
Karacaoğlu, K., & Yörük, D. (2012). Employees' perceptions of nepotism and organizational justice: A family business practice in the Central Anatolian Region. Work, Power Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, 14(3), 43-64. DOI:10.4026/1303-2860.2012.0205.x.
Karasar, N. (2012). Scientific research method. (20th Edition). Ankara: Nobel Publication Distribution.
Karademir, M. (2016). Examining the relationship between secondary school teachers' perceptions of favoritism in school management and organizational cynicism: The case of Pendik, Istanbul. (Master's Thesis). Istanbul Aydın University, Istanbul.
Kazanci, N. (2010). The level of relationship between administrators' leadership styles and teachers' perceptions of organizational justice. (Master's Thesis). Sakarya University, Sakarya.
Keskin, A. (2018). The relationship between school administrators' favoritism behaviors and teachers' organizational commitment. (Master's Thesis). Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir.
Korkmaz, A. (2019). The relationship between classroom teachers' organizational trust and organizational opposition levels. (Master's Thesis). Maltepe University, Istanbul.
Korucuoglu, T. (2016). The relationship between organizational power games and organizational opposition. (Master's Thesis). Osmangazi University, Eskisehir.
Maswabi, O. K., & Qing, Y. (2017). Risk analysis of operatingan organization with demotivated employees. 14th International Conference on Innovation and Management, Wuhan, China.
Okçu, V., & Uçar, A. (2016). Effect of school principals' favouritism behaviors and attitudes on teachers' organizational commitment, based on the perceptions of primary and secondary school teachers. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3),5901-5914. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4304
Ozdemir, A. (2010). Investigation of the relationship between perceived organizational support in primary schools and teachers' interpersonal self-efficacy beliefs. Journal of Gazi Education Faculty, 30(1), 127-146.
Ozdemir, M. (2010). Opinions of administrators and teachers working in public general high schools in Ankara on organizational opposition. (Doctoral Dissertation). Ankara.
Ozdemir, M. (2013). Public high schools teachers’ opinions on organizational dissent (Sample of Ankara province). Education and Science. Retrieved from http://egitimvebilim.ted.org.tr/index.php/EB/article/view/1188.
Ozkanan, A. & Erdem, R. (2013). Nepotistic practices in management: A conceptual framework. Journal of Süleyman Demirel University Institute of Social Sciences Year, 2(20), 179-206.
Ozler, D. E., & Büyükarslan, A. (2011). The Overall Outlook of Favoritism in Organizations: A Literature Review. International Journal of Business and Management Studies, 3(1), 275-285.
Ozer, N., & Çağlayan, Z. A. (2016). The relationship between teachers' trust in their principals and their perceptions of cronyism. Journal of İnönü University Institute of Educational Sciences, 3(5), 16-27. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/inujgse/issue/27482/293090.
Payne, H. J., (2007). The role of organization-based self-esteem in employee dissent expression. Communication Research Reports, 235-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/088240907014609.
Polat, R. (2013). The effect of cronyism perception on organizational trust in secondary education institutions. (Master's Thesis). Fırat University Institute of Educational Sciences, Elazig.
Polat, S., and Kazak, E. (2014). The relationship between school administrators' favoritism and attitudes and teachers' perceptions of organizational justice. Educational Management in Theory and Practice, 20(1), 71-92. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kuey/issue/10317/126546.
Sabuncuoğlu, Z., & Tuz, M. (1996). Organizational psychology. Bursa: Ezgi.
Sadykova, G., & Tutar, H. (2014). An investigation on the relationship between organizational democracy and organizational opposition. Journal of Business Science, 2(1), 1-16.
Shahinpoor, N., & Matt, B. F. (2007). The power of one: Dissent and organizational life. Journal of Business Ethics, (1): 37-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9218-y.
Şahin, T. (2019). The role and importance of organizational trust in understanding organizational opposition. (Master's Thesis). Bahcesehir University, Turkiye.
Taçyıldız, E. (2020). The effect of leadership styles on organizational dissent: A study on academic staff. (Master's Thesis). Trakya University, Tekirdağ.
Tavsancioglu, A. (2022). The relationship between organizational democracy and organizational opposition according to the perceptions of teachers and school heads. (Master's thesis). Dokuz Eylül University Institute of Educational Sciences, İzmir, Turkey.
Turhan, M. (2014). Organizational Cronyism: A Scale Development and Validation from the Perspective of Teachers. Journal of Business Ethics. 295-308. DOI:10.1007/s10551-013-1839-3.
Uçar, A. (2016). The effect of managers' favoritism on organizational opposition. (Master's thesis). Siirt University, Siirt.
Yaşa, R. (2018). The relationship between organizational identification and organizational opposition according to the opinions of the teachers. (Doctoral Dissertation). Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye.
Yıldız, K. (2013). The relationship between organizational commitment and organizational cynicism and organizational dissent. Turkish Studies, 853-879. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.4544.
Yıldız, K. (2014). Organizational opposition. Journal of Academic Perspective, 43. Accessed from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/382832.
Yıldırım, M. (2013). The ancient paradox of public administration: Nepotism and meritocracy. CBU Journal of Social Sciences, 11(2), 353-380. Accessed from http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/cbayarsos/article/view/5000056638 on 08.11.2021.
Yılmaz, T. (2019). Opinions of teachers working in primary and secondary schools on organizational opposition (the case of Hakkari). (Unpublished Master's Thesis). Sakarya University, Sakarya.
Wright, M. D. (2013). The role of teamwork schema similarity and group atmosphere in perceptions of conversational appropriateness and organizational dissent. Master of Science College of Communication Texas Christian University. The USA.
Zapf, D., & Einarsen, S. (2010). Bullying in the workplace: Recent trends in research and practice an introduction. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, (4), 369-373. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320143000807
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Psycho-Educational Research Reviews
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
