Cooperative Learning in Developing Positive Attitudes and Reflective Thinking Skills of High School Students’ in English Course

Authors

Keywords:

cooperative learning, attitude, reflective thinking, English course, high school

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to reveal the effect of cooperative learning on the attitudes and reflective thinking skills of the students’ in the English course. The study was carried out for 5 weeks with 66 students studying at the 10th grade at an Anatolian high school in the district of Karadeniz Ere?li in Zonguldak during the fall term of the 2015-2016 academic year. The design of the study was ‘nonequivalent control groups pre-test post-test’ which is one of the quasi-experimental designs. The scale of attitude towards English course and the scale of reflective thinking were used as instruments of the study which were applied as a pre-test and as a post-test. According to the results, it was concluded that cooperative learning is significantly and positively more effective on students’ attitudes and reflective thinking skills than the traditional method. This study was produced from a master thesis written by the first author under the supervision of the second author.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Özlem Kuuk

Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak Turkey

Ali Arslan

Associate Professor Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey

References

Aida, Yukie. “Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope’s construct of foreign language anxiety: The case of student’s of Japanese”. The Modern Language Journal, 78 (1994): 155-168.

Baloche, Lynda. The cooperative classroom: Empowering learning. Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall 1998.

Baş, Gökhan and Ömer, Beyhan. “İngilizce dersinde yansıtıcı düşünme etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına ve derse yönelik tutumlarına etkisi”. Amasya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(2) (2012): 128-142.

Buyukozturk, Sener, Omay Cokluk and Nilgün Koklu. Sosyal bilimler icin istatistik [Statistics for social sciences] (14th. Edition). Ankara: Pegem Akademi 2014.

Crandall, Joann Jodi. (1999). Cooperative learning and affective factors. In J. Arnold (Ed.), Affect in language learning (pp. 226-245). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Demiralp, Demet. “İlköğretim birinci kademe programlarının öğrencilerin yansıtıcı düşünmelerini geliştirmeye etkisine yönelik öğretmen görüşleri (Elazığ ili örneği)”. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Elazığ 2010.

Dörnyei, Zoltán. The motivational basis of language learning tasks. In P. Robinson (Ed.), Individual differences and instructed language learning 2 (137 158). Amsterdam: John Benjamins 2002.

Durdukoca, Fırat Şule and Mehmet Demir. “İlköğretim öğretmenlerin bazı değişkenlere göre yansıtıcı düşünme düzeyleri ve düşüncelerindeki öğretmen niteliklerinin yansıtıcı öğretmen niteliklerine uygunluğu”. Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 9 (20) (2012): 357-374.

Ellis, Rod. Learning a second language through interaction. Philadelphia: John Benjamins 1999.

Ersözlü, Nur Zehra. Yansıtıcı düşünmeyi geliştirici etkinliklerin ilköğretim 5. Sınıf öğrencilerinin sosyal bilgiler dersindeki akademik başarılarına ve tutumlarına etkisi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Elazığ 2008.

Evans, Laurynn. Reflective assessment and student achievement in high school English. A Dissertation Thesis, Seattle Pacific University the Graduate School of Education, Seattle 2009.

Farzaneh, Nima and Dariush Nejadansari. “Students’ attitude towards using cooperative learning for teaching reading comprehension”. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 4 (2) (2014): 287 292.

Felder, Richard M and Rebecca Brent. Cooperative learning in technical courses: Procedures, pitfalls, and payoffs. Work Supported by National Science Foundation Division of Undergraduate Education

Grant, ERIC Document Reproduction Service Report ED 377038 1994. Available at http://www.ncsu.edu/felderpublic/ Papers/Coopreport.html.

Gardner, Robert C., et. al. “Second Language attrition: The role of motivation and use”. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 6 (1987): 29-47.

Gardner, Robert C. and Wallace E Lambert. Attitudes and motivation in second language learning. Rowley, MA: Newbury House 1972.

Green, Samuel and Neil Salkind. Using SPSS for windows and macintosh: analyzing and understanding data (3rd edition). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education 2003.

Hadyan, Rifki. “Implementation of the cooperative learning method in teaching reading comprehension”. Journal of English and Education, 1 (2) (2013): 57-64.

Hancock, Dawson. “Cooperative learning and pe orientation effects on motivation and achievement”. Journal of Educational Research, 97 (3) (2004): 159 166.

Hertz-Lazarowitz, Rachel. Understanding interactive behaviors: Looking at six mirrors of the classroom.

Demiralp, Demet. “İlköğretim birinci kademe programlarının öğrencilerin yansıtıcı düşünmelerini geliştirmeye etkisine yönelik öğretmen görüşleri (Elazığ ili örneği)”. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Elazığ 2010.

Dörnyei, Zoltán. The motivational basis of language learning tasks. In P. Robinson (Ed.), Individual differences and instructed language learning 2 (137 158). Amsterdam: John Benjamins 2002.

Durdukoca, Fırat Şule and Mehmet Demir. “İlköğretim öğretmenlerin bazı değişkenlere göre yansıtıcı düşünme düzeyleri ve düşüncelerindeki öğretmen niteliklerinin yansıtıcı öğretmen niteliklerine uygunluğu”. Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 9 (20) (2012): 357-374.

Ellis, Rod. Learning a second language through interaction. Philadelphia: John Benjamins 1999.

Ersözlü, Nur Zehra. Yansıtıcı düşünmeyi geliştirici etkinliklerin ilköğretim 5. Sınıf öğrencilerinin sosyal bilgiler dersindeki akademik başarılarına ve tutumlarına etkisi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Elazığ 2008.

Evans, Laurynn. Reflective assessment and student achievement in high school English. A Dissertation Thesis, Seattle Pacific University the Graduate School of Education, Seattle 2009.

Farzaneh, Nima and Dariush Nejadansari. “Students’ attitude towards using cooperative learning for teaching reading comprehension”. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 4 (2) (2014): 287 292.

Felder, Richard M and Rebecca Brent. Cooperative learning in technical courses: Procedures, pitfalls, and payoffs. Work Supported by National Science Foundation Division of Undergraduate Education

Grant, ERIC Document Reproduction Service Report ED 377038 1994. Available at http://www.ncsu.edu/felderpublic/ Papers/Coopreport.html.

Gardner, Robert C., et. al. “Second Language attrition: The role of motivation and use”. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 6 (1987): 29-47.

Gardner, Robert C. and Wallace E Lambert. Attitudes and motivation in second language learning. Rowley, MA: Newbury House 1972.

Green, Samuel and Neil Salkind. Using SPSS for windows and macintosh: analyzing and understanding data (3rd edition). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education 2003.

Hadyan, Rifki. “Implementation of the cooperative learning method in teaching reading comprehension”. Journal of English and Education, 1 (2) (2013): 57-64.

Hancock, Dawson. “Cooperative learning and pe orientation effects on motivation and achievement”. Journal of Educational Research, 97 (3) (2004): 159 166.

Hertz-Lazarowitz, Rachel. Understanding interactive behaviors: Looking at six mirrors of the classroom.

In R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds). Interaction in cooperative groups (pp. 71-101). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1992.

Hossain, Anowar and Ahmad Rohani Tarmizi. “Effects of cooperative learning on students’ achievement and attitudes in secondary mathematics”. Procedia – Socialand Behavioral Sciences 93 (2013): 473 – 477.

Johnson, David W, Roger T Johnson and Edythe Houbec Johnson. Circles of learning: Cooperation in the classroom. Edina, MN: Interaction Book 1990.

Johnson, D. W. and Roger T Johnson. Learning together and alone cooperative, competitive and individualistic learning, (5. ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon 1999.

Karadağ, Mümtaz. Sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin yansıtıcı düşünme düzeylerinin incelenmesi (Şanlıurfa ili örneği). Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Adana 2010.

Kauchak, Donal P. and Paul D Eggen. Learning and teaching research based methods. Boston: Allyn & Bacon 2003.

Kern, Anne L., Tamara J. Moore and Caglin F. Akillioglu. Cooperative Learning: Developing an Observation, Instrument for Student Interactions, October 10 – 13, Paper presented at the 37th ASEE/IEEE frontiers in educa-tion conference, WI Milwaukee 2007. Available at http://fieconference.org/fie2007/ papers/1107.pdf.

Kessler, Carolyn. Cooperative language learning. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: PrenticeHall 1992.

Khan, Shafqat Ali and Rana NavidKhan Ahmad. Evaluation of the effectiveness of cooperative learning method versus traditional learning method on the reading comprehension of the students. Journal of Research and Reflections in Education, 8 (1) (2014): 55 -64.

Kozan, Saliha. Yansıtıcı düşünme becerisinin kaynak tarama ve rapor yazma dersindeki etkisi.

Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya 2007.

Klinger, Janette K. and Sharon Vaughn. “The helping behaviors of fifth graders while using collaborative strategic reading during ESL content classes”. TESOL Quarterly, 34 (2000), 69-98.

Mackey, Alison. “Input, interaction, and second language development: An empirical study of question formation in ESL”. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 21 (1999): 557-587.

McCrindle, Andrea R and Carol A Christensen. “The impact of learning journals on metacognitive and cognitive processes and learning performance”. Learning And Instruction, 5 (1995): 167-185.

Meral, Ece. Yeni (2006) ilköğretim İngilizce programını uygulayan öğretmenlerin eleştirel ve yansıtıcı düşünmeleri. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Fırat

Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Elazığ 2009. Meteetham, Pongsakorn. Case study of cooperative learning by using jigsaw technique with secondyear English major students at Naresuan University. M.A. Dissertation, Mahidol University 2001.

Murray, Denise E. Collaborative writing as a literacy event: Implications for ESL instruction. In D. Nunan (Ed.), Collaborative language learning and teaching (pp. 100-117). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1992.

Nam, Chang Woo. The relative effectiveness of positive interdependence and group processing on student achievement, interactıon, and attitude in online cooperative learning. A Dissertation Thesis, Texas A&M University 2008.

Perkins, David. “The many faces of constructivism”. Educational Leadership, 57 (1999): 6-11.

Pinkeaw, P. Students’ views on interaction and learning acheivement through cooperative learning method in upper-secondary English classes. M.A. Dissertation, Chiangmai University 1993.

Prawal, S. Richard. “Social Constructivism and the Process Content Distinction as Viewed by Vygotsky. The Pragmatists Culture & Activity, 16 (4) (1999): 255 276.

Readence, John E., David W Moore and Robert J. Rickelman. Pre-reading activities for content area reading and learning.(3rd ed.) Dover, DE: International Reading Association 2000.

Savignon, Sandra. Communicative competence: Theory and classroom practice. New York: McGraw-Hill 1997.

Seetape, Nilubol. Effects of cooperative learning on English reading achievement and learning behaviours of mathayomsuksa three students in Kanchanaphisekwittayalai Uthaithani School. M.A. Dissertation, Kasetsart University 2003.

Sharan, Shlomo Ed. Cooperative learning and the teacher. In S. Sharan (Ed.), The handbook of cooperative learning methods, (pp. 336-348). Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers 1994.

Schon, Donald A. Educating the reflective practitioner. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass 1987.

Sittilert, Worapan. Effects of cooperative integrated reading and composition (CIRC) on English reading comprehension and opinions about classroom atmosphere of mathayomsuksa five students. M.A. Dissertation, Chiangmai University 1994.

Slavin, Robert E. (1990). Cooperative learning: Theory, research and practice. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Slavin, Robert E. “Synthesis of research on cooperative learning”. Educational Leadership, 48 (1991): 71 82.

Slavin, Robert E. Cooperative learning: Theory, research and practice, (2nd Ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon 1995.

Somapee, Supaporn. The effectiveness of using cooperative learning to enhance students’ critical thinking skills in business English I at Chiangrai commercial school in Chiangrai. M.A. Dissertation, Payap University 2002.

Steinert, Yvonne. “Student Perceptions of Effective Small Group Teaching”. Medical Education 38 (2004): 286.

Sünbül, Ali Murat. Öğretim ilke ve yöntemleri. (4. baskı). Konya: Eğitim Akademi Yayınları 2010.

Şahin, Çiğdem. “Fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının yansıtıcı düşünme yeteneklerine göre günlüklerinin incelenmesi”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 36 (2009): 225- 236.

Şanal, Senem Erginel. Developing reflective teachers: A study on perception and improvement of reflection in pre-service teacher education.

Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara 2006.

Turnbull, Miles. “Cooperative learning in second language classes: Two techniques to consider”. Canadian Modern Language Review, 52 (1996): 150-157.

Wichadee, Saovapa. “The effects of cooperative learning on English reading skills and attitudes of the first-year students at Bangkok University”. BU Academic Review, 4(2) (2005): 22-31.

Young, Dolly Jesusita. “Creating a low-anxiety classroom environment: What does the anxiety research suggest?”. Modern Language Journal, 75 (1991): 426-439.

Zhang, Yan. “Cooperative language learning and foreign language learning and teaching”. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 1 (1) (2010): 81 83.

Additional Files

Published

2020-03-31

How to Cite

Kuuk, Özlem, & Arslan, A. . (2020). Cooperative Learning in Developing Positive Attitudes and Reflective Thinking Skills of High School Students’ in English Course. Psycho-Educational Research Reviews, 9(1), 83–96. Retrieved from https://perrjournal.com/index.php/perrjournal/article/view/145